A study by the University of Geneva argues that mobile phone use may be linked to lower sperm concentration and overall sperm count. However, the study did not find any associations between the use of cellular devices and low sperm movement or shape. 2,886 Swiss men aged 18 to 22, recruited between 2005 and 2018 at six separate conscription centers, were analyzed. Sperm concentration was significantly higher in the group of men who did not use their phones more than once a week (56.5 million per milliliter). In comparison to men who used their phone more than 20 times a day (44.5 million per milliliter), a difference of 21%. The study found that where the phone is kept, such as in trouser pockets, was not linked to a lower sperm count. However, it did suggest that 4G may be less harmful than 2G on a mobile phone.